|
By the definition criteria a GHG effects remediation technology is
any technology that does not only prevent the emission of GHG into the atmosphere
but
actually reverse the presence of GHG in the atmosphere. The
development of such technologies is now both paramount and a matter
of some urgency. First it would be years before the adoption of an
alternative energy source will come into effect; and as fossil fuel
energy may have to be use all through those years of decision-making
a means of prevention of the continuous emission of GHG into the
atmosphere must be implemented. In effect, smokestacks and other
sources of GHG emission must be retrofitted with technologies that
accomplish the prevention. In that context, the basic required
chemistry defined as the net effect of the technology must still be
such that the prevention must take the form of converting the carbon
dioxide through the process chemistry of the form:
CO2 -> C +
O2
where the carbon is actually
removed from the atmosphere, in consistence with the proposed
outcome of the concept technology template. Further,
certain specifications
were developed to guide the research and development of such technologies. With respect to the above
defined criteria, there does not seem to exist at the moment, any
remediation technologies, however, the development of such technologies
that satisfy the net objective of the chemistry can be met based on
proven technologies by allowing a slight modification of the generic
proposed technology components into the following:
Comparatively this new
composition of technologies to be integrated for effecting the
remediation of the GHG effects embodies all the functionalities
demanded of the remediation technology. The Solar Power Technology
components is still included. The Gas preprocessor and conditioner
process and the Carbon Dioxide Recovery Chemical Process stipulated
for the remediation technology, however have been integrated into
the Atmospheric Carbon dioxide Extraction Chemical Process and
Elemental carbon Extraction Process. Obviously, of course, the net
result of the process remains the same: The extraction of the
elemental carbon from the carbon dioxide.
|
The restating of the technology components, of course, is to enable
the integrated use of existing proven technology, given the urgency
of the need of GHG emission prevention and possibly remediation. In
this regard, except for the Solar Power Technology, the other
constituent technologies can be provided from the adoption of the
Green Freedom Technology and a Bosch Reaction based technology.
The Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
Extraction Chemical Gas Process which
conceptually constitutes the core of the technology, performs the
recovery of the carbon dioxide from the air stream that is fed into it.
An effective technology that can be adopted here as observed above
already is the component of
the
Green Freedom Technology that captures carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere: This technology use Potassium Hydroxide to capture the
carbon dioxide from the air and the passes the solution into an
electrolytic cell that facilitate the recovery of the carbon
dioxide, while also producing hydrogen and oxygen in the process.
The Elemental Carbon
Extraction Process as the name implies has the task of actually
removing the elemental carbon from the carbon dioxide in completion
of the remediation objectives. The science of the chemical process
is essentially based on the Bosch reactions, which is known to react
carbon dioxide with hydrogen to yield elemental carbon, water and
portion of the energy consumed to drive the reaction.
The adoption of the Green
freedom technology and the Bosch Reaction Technology enables
excellent and rational integration because hydrogen which is an
essential reactant of the Bosch reaction is invariably generated by
the Green Freedom Technology as part of the electrolytic recovery of
the carbon dioxide. In reciprocity, the water produced by the Bosch
reaction can be condensed and recycled back to the Green Freedom
Technology electrolytic cell in replacement of the water molecules
that are split into hydrogen - being used up in the Bosch reaction -
and oxygen by the process. In effect then, an integrated solution
provides a symbiotic relation between the technology components.
Further more some of the energy needs is provided by the Bosch
reaction as well, thus reducing the energy demand of the
electrolytic process; and consequently impacting the scope of energy
demand on the Solar Power Technology.
The design of the
Elemental Carbon Extraction Process, however, may entail various
consideration, all of which are derivative of the
|
characteristics of the reaction. The salient characteristic is that
while the reaction is accelerated by such catalysts as iron,
cobalt, nickel and ruthenium, the reaction product of elemental
carbon tends to foul the catalyst surface and therefore degrades the
efficiency of the catalysts. This characteristic in the very least
impacts the choice of chemical reactor as well as the configuration
of the technology embodying the reactor.
In view of the fouling effect
of the reaction, the process must, at the very least, consist of two
chemical process equipment: The Bosch Reactor and The Catalysts
Regenerator. These two equipment must also feed into each other,
meaning that the outlet catalysts of one is the feed for the other.
Though the implementation of
this Remediation Technology requires the development or
implementation of a Solar Power Technology and the explicit design
of a chemical reactor - taking into account the reaction
characteristics - the process technology offers a viable means of
immediate addressing of the issues of GHG emission remediation; and
therefore worthy of consideration by the
World Body as
well as fossil fuel
burning corporations.
|
