In the
1980s, there was a group in New Jersey, USA, that was known as The
Forum. The main object of this group was to bring investors -
primarily Venture Capitalists - and entrepreneurs together to induce
investment relationships between these two venture development
groups.
Of relevance
about The Forum was that there was a gentleman - himself a company
founder - in this group who was of the philosophy that every
entrepreneur must separate the intellectual property ownership from
the operating company.
More specifically, the entrepreneur must legally organize at least
two entities with legal personalities, and assign the ownership of
the intellectual property rights over the assets for supporting an
operating company to one of the two entities, and make the other
entity the operating company. The intellectual property company
should then license the assets to the operating company.
The
rationale for the two-entity construct is that in the event that an
unscrupulous person tries to use the law to sue and then seize the
operating company, the only thing the entrepreneur has to do is to
use the ownership power over the intellectual property company to
vacate all the licenses and force the operating company out of
business, and then start all over again. Of course, at times the
mere realization on the part of the unscrupulous person that the
operating company, which the adversary thought could be insidiously
taken over, is just a white elephant can serve as an effective
repellant of the unscrupulous shark; and the entrepreneur does not
have to actually dissolve the operating company. However, the
entrepreneur must be ready to dissolve the operating company if
necessary.
Reiterating,
the entrepreneur must
be
disposed to dissolving the operating company if necessary, and most
times, it would be necessary to dissolve the company. The
implication of this entreat is that the entrepreneur must not be
psychologically attached to the operating company until an Initial
Public Offering (IPO) has been made: Public Business Companies are
treated more favorably under the bankruptcy laws than Privately-held
Business Companies. The entrepreneur who has taken the operating
company through IPO can effectively fight off unscrupulous shark(s)
through the bankruptcy courts.
However,
in the ventures for which the Exit Strategy for the venture
capitalists include IPOs, the entrepreneur may find it difficult to
actually attract that class of investors, if any form of assets
management design is already in place. In such cases the
entrepreneur may, offer to merge at a future date the intellectual
property company into the operating company. Failing that the
entrepreneur should seek investors amenable to such construct; the
reality is that where such protection is not in place and an
unscrupulous shark succeeds to destructively or |
even just adversely impact the operating company, the entrepreneur
could be facing a lawsuit from the investor on any basis the
investors attorneys can construct.
In the
case of the merger then, the entrepreneur may decide as part of the
IPO reorganization of the operating company to merge the
intellectual property company with the operating company. Yet, the
entrepreneur should only allow such merger as a contractual
commitment only to be effected about five (5) years after the IPO,
because stock/membership price fluctuations are very common during
the initial three years after the IPO and law suits are often filed by
disgruntled stockholders. Quite possibly some of these disgruntled
stockholders may be of the category of aforementioned unscrupulous
sharks.
So far, the Assets Management design as presented is simple
two-company construct. However, this simple construct may not be
efficacious in addressing the needs of every entrepreneur, because a
careful and an analytical reflection on the construct, reveals the
applicability only to situations where the assets can be protected with
publicly enforceable intellectual property rights. In effect then,
for assets that are protected by publicly non-enforceable
intellectual property rights, such as Trade Secrets, the
entrepreneur can not be protected with the two-company construct.
Therefore every entrepreneur has to assess the assets management
construct that is applicable to each specific circumstance of
venture development, given that the assets for supporting a venture
development effort may consist of both publicly enforceable and
non-enforceable intellectual property rights. The recommended
assessment is better based on the
vision analysis
dimension clusters as these clusters define the totality of
innovation spaces within which the Intellectual Properties
associated with the venture can be evaluated.
In the simplest of cases:
The case of dimension clusters for selection 1, as evaluated in the
vision analysis
dimension clusters;
the assets classes are completely decoupled into intellectual
properties of the class of patents for the Product Technology
cluster, and intellectual properties of the class of Trade Secrets
for the Manufacturing Technology and Marketing Tactics clusters,
effectively invalidating the two company assets management
construct.
In any
case, irrespective of the applicable construct, the entrepreneur
should endeavor to select for each
asset-management company, a legal-entity that is
either a pure Trust or
a Business Trust in context of the features of these
entities regarding founding
the venture corporations, and should have such to be legally
organized and have all assets purchases made through this asset
management trust, and then have the assets leased to the
venture-entity that undertakes operating the business.
|
|